Carbureter.



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cmuneea. APPLmxTmN FILED nicgf'rwile. I l Patented Feb. 5, 31918 tion g -and UNITED sTATns PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES DE LU'KACSEVICS, OF NEW YORK, N, Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

4 TO EDMUND LGFFLEB, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 5, 1918.

'Application filed Ilecember 6, 1916. Serial No. 135,444.'

is delivered 'from the nozzle in consequence of the movement of the main air stream past said nozzle, and the amount of air admitted is directly controlled by a suitably balanced valve which is sensitively responsive to the suction influence within the. mixing or carbureting chamber and is not subject to fiuttering The invention consists .in certain featuresof structure, combination and relation which 'will appear. more in detail as the description proceeds.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, Whereinr Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a carbureter in which the features of the invention are incorporated;

Eig. 2 is a detail ,plan view showing certain structural elements of the carbureter, certain other elements beingr omitted to proH mote clearness of illustration;

3 is a view showing in plan and side elevation the inner fuel discharge member;

Fig. 4 is a view showing a plan and side elevation of the outer ueldischarge member;

'Fig'. 5 is a view showing` in plan and vertical section an oil Well which forms a partof the nozzle and which furnishes support for the fuel discharge members;

Fig. 6 is a vertical longitudinal sectional vi'evv showing a slightly modified construc- Figl 7 is a horizontal'sectional vicvv on the line 7-7 of Pig. 6.

Similar/ characters of vreference designate corres Tondirbg parts throughout the Several views?,

Referring to Figs. 1 5;l

The casing of the carbureter provides' a carbureter chamber 1 in which fuel is delivered from a nozzle designated generally as 2 and air is delivered from a supply pipe 3,

which, if desired, may be provided With an air-heating medium (not shown), or may, for the purpose of heating the air, extend in suitable relation to the engine exhaust system (not shown).

As shown, the pipe 3 opens into an air inlet chamber 4l having` a partition 5 which provides a to an autoniatically operating air valve G by which the admission oi' air into the carbureting chamber is controlled ifor all normal ranges ot speed. The pipe 3 may, if desired, be provided with a butterfly or equivalent valve 7 by which an. rinitial adjustment of the air supply may be made. The valve (l is urged toward its seat by a springl S `which, at a certain low speed, will effect the closure of said valve; and for the purpose of enabling the engine to be run at low or throttline; speed when the valve 6 is closed` the partition has 'formed therein slots 9 prmfidiug for the admis Iion of a small amount of air to the carbureting chainber. li: desired, the slots 9 may be controlled by a regulating' valve 10, which, as shown, is in the form of 'a liat ring with its seating on the upper lace of the partition. 5 and is provided with slots 11 adapted by a pivotal adjustment of the ring 10 about its center to be brought more vor less into regis try with thc slots 9, the valve 10 thereby regulating the effective size of the slots 9. For the purpose of enabling: a. rotatable adjustment of the valve 10 as described. said valve carries a suitably located upright post 12 having at its upper end a lateral projection which extends through a slot 13 in the carbureter casing and carries, externally of said casing, a securing nut 14 (Fig. 7) having `formed therewith a flange 15 which provides a closure for the slot 13. Obviously, when the nut 14 is tightened, the valve 10 Will be held against movement, 'and when. the nut 14 is backed off, the valve 10 may be adjusted to any position desired 'for the purpose oi'regulating, i. e., increasing or decreasing, the amount of air admitted intoV the carbure-ting` chamber for maintaining the operation of the engine at 10W or throtf tling speed. v

The nozzle 2 4i'sl'arranged in upright relation centrally and axially of the carbureter casing and is supported by a pipe or tube 16 which extends transversely through the casf ing and leads from any suitable ysource of fuel supply, for example, and as is preferred,-

a fuel chamber 17 (Fig. 6) carried' by the carbureter casing and equipped with conventional float feed mechanism 18 for main# taining a constant level and a strainer 19 for preventing the passage of solid particles into the pipe or tube 16.

The nozzle has, as a functional part thereof, a well 20 (Fig. 5), which, as shown, is separable from the tube 16 and has at its lower end a threaded projection-21 for engagement with an internally-threaded boss 22 formed with said tube. The nozzle also includes an outer fuel discharge member 23 and an inner fuel discharge memberV 24. The member 23 is ot slightly less depth than the well 20 in which it is positioned. Said and has a closefit within the same.

member is' formed with a cylindrical body portion and withan enlarged eircumscribing rib 25 at its upper end, said rib having a triangular cross-section. The lmember 23 has its outer face provided with discharge ducts or grooves 26 which extend from its lower end in parallel relation throughout its cylindrical portion and in radial diverging relation along the under face of the rib 25, terminating at the apex of said rib. The well 20 has at its upper end a bell or flaring mouth 27 by lwhich the outer fuel discharge lmember 23 is supported by and within said well, the rib 25 of said member engaging upon the bell or flaring mouth 27 and the upper or discharge ends of the ducts or grooves 26 lying just beyond the upper edge of the mouth 27. The member 23 has a close it within the well 20 whereby the liquid fuel willI iiow only through the ducts orA grooves 26.

The outer fuel discharge member 23 is of cupped construction 4and is provided at its lower end with a base 28 to furnish support for the inner fuel discharge member 24 which sets or nests within the -outer member The inner fuel discharge member 24 is of cylindrical outline and is providedon its outer face with parallel fuel discharge grooves or ducts 29 which' terminate at or immediately beyond the upper edge of the member 23, the base 2S of the latter having a central openi'n 30, and having its upper face provided wit an 4 annular channel 30" and with radial duets or grooves 301 extending between theopeniiig` 30 and the. channel 30a, through which een-*"- tral opening, radial grooves and annular channel the fuel in the well 20 Hows tothe ducts 2 It is preferredthat the upper edge o the member 23 shall be. inclined whereby the several ducts 29 shall have their discharge points at diierent elevations, all,

however, above the common plane wherein the discharge terminals of the ducts 26 lie.

For the regulation ofthe velocity of the air stream which moves past the discharge endof the nozzle 2, it is preferred to provide av Venturi ring 3l which has a close sliding fit within the chamber l and is connect ed to the main air valve 6 for operation thereby by rods 32 arranged at appropriate intervals.

The carbureting chamber 1 is open t the motor suction tube .and the volume of fuel passed to the engine is controlled by a throt* tle valve 33 of butterfly or other suitable type which is preferably \l ocated at the up per end of the carbureting chamber.

l The valve 6 is'responsive to the prevailing suction influence in the carbureting chamber throughout a certain normal range of speeds and, therefore, has a normal rising and falling action in the course of which it increases or decreases the amount of air admitted into the carbureting chamber from the air inlet y in a. suitable chamber 35 formed in the base of the. carbureter casing and having' a bottom cap-closure 35".

The strength of the spring 8 maybe regu'- lated ,as desired by suitable means. As

s'hown in Figs. 1 and 2, the spring 8 bears atv its lower end against the free end of a lever 36 mounted on a rock shaft 37 for which the carbureter casing is formed with a bear# ing 38. The shaft 37 projects through said bearing beyond thecasing and at its outer end carries an arm 39 which is. engaged by an adjusting screw 40 threaded in a bracket 41 which is secured. to or formed with the carbureter casing.v

In. the organization of the carbureter, the. casing thereof is made in four sections. The lowest section provides the air inlet chamaber 4 and has a seating against-'the under face of the adjacent section which carries the DOZZle Supply pipe or tube 16. The section which provides the wall of the carbureting chamber and within which the Venturi ring 31 has a close sliding fit, has its seating against the .section next below which, as stated, carries the tube 16 and the uppermost. section which is formed with the flange 42to provide for the attachment of the carbureter on the motor suction tube.

llli

The said uppermost section is formed with a described, are held or clamped together by anV upright central stem 45, secured in the pipe or tube 16 and carrying the upper securing nut 44 and a depending stem 45av .against the base 35 of the dash-pot chamber 35. The stems 45 and 45ZL are, functionally,

' shownfjin Fig. 6.

a single stem and, if desired, may be integrally connected and threaded in a central opening piercing the pipe or tube 16. as The stem 45a projects through the valve spring 8, said spring at its loiver end being seated Within the plunger 34. l

The fuel discharge members 23 and 24 are secured in operative relation by a. pair of nuts 47 mount-ed on the lstem 45. It is obviou' that by .removing the nuts 44'and 47 the c arbureter may be completely dismantled per end ofthe mixing chamber, in the means for adjusting-the spring 8 'which acts on the air valve 6 and in certain details of the construction of the carbureter casing. In

lieu of the throttle valve 33 of butterfly form .shown in Fig. l, the modified construction provides a horizontal valvular partition 33? which comprises a stationary upper member 33h east Withthe uppersection4 of the carbureter, and, incidentally, serving the f unction' of the spider 43 in providing a bearingO for the upper securing vnut 44on 'the stem 45. and

`a` rotatable lower member 33C which has an annular depending apron 33d.

33 forms a portion-of the Wall of the .cari

The apron bursting chamber and serves as a guide for .the Venturi ring 3l. v Said apron is provided with an outwardly.projecting operating arm 83? Whichworks in a 4slot in the carbureter casing. The members 33h and are formed with radial.A slots, which, in consequence of thev turning movements of the member 33,

' are brought more or less into registry for the "purl'iose` of regulating, -in an Aobvious manner, the amount of fuel mixture passed'- to the motor suction tube. f

vFor the adjustment of the tension of the spring S the stem 45, according to the modiw vfication in Fig. 6, is formed belovv the tube 1G with a squared portion 45h upon which is slidably mounted a collar 48 against ,Whosel under face the spring 8 bears. ibove the squared portion 45a a collar 49 isrotatably..

mounted lon said stern., the collars 48and i9 havingv co-act1ng cam faces whereby a rota tion ofthe collar 49 .in one direction will ett'ect downward movement of the collar 48 to increase the strength of the spring 8 and a rotation of the collar 49 in a reverse direction will .permit an upwardmovement' of the collar 48 to decrease the strength of the spring 8. The collar 4,9A carries a radially ldisposed operating arm 50 which is formed with an arcuate 'vlange 5l projecting at opposite sides thereof and,l providing a closure forthe slot 52'in the Wall ofthe carbureter casing through Which passes the shank of the screw 53 for eii'ecting move ment of the collar 49 and for securing said collar in any desired position.

For a certain range of low speeds, the gasolene Will be discharged'into the carbureting chamber through the ducts or grooves 26 of the outer discharge member 23. 'But for a range of higher speeds, the ducts or grooves 29 Will function in addition to the groovesy 26.- VVhere the terminals -of the ducts or grooves 29 are lat different eleva tions, the number of such du'cts or grooves through Which gasole'ne is dischargedvvill depend upon the prevailing suction influence, being greater or less as the suction inluence' is greater or less.:Y In thisl Way, the amount of liquid fuel discharged by the nozzle is proportionate to the demands of the engine.

AThe parts of thecarbureter vmay be. made of any desired materials but bakelite is of special advantage for those parts Whose surfaces are in contact with the. combustible mixture, for example in the embodiment or Fig. 1 it is proposed to Lform the body part of the carburetor easing, the'Venturi ring (see Fig. 6) .of bakelite.

I claimas my invention:

1. In avcarbureter, in combination, a cas-V ing, a fuel pipe therein and a fuel-nozzle therein comprising an upright` cylindrical Well secured tosaid fuel pipe, a cylindrical outer fuel" discharge member closely fitting Within said Well and having acircumscribing1 rib-at its. 'upper end which seats upon the upper surface of said Well, said member being of less depth than said Well andA having'f'ft-s outer faceprovided With duets which extend. verticallyfrom its lower end and terminate at the apen .of said rib, said member being of. cupped vform, and a cylindrieal innert'uel discharge meinberwhich seats and' has a close lit 'Within the outer member. and has its outer surface provided with ducts which extend vertically from. its" lower, end and terminate beyond the upper face of the outer member, the latter having its lower 4.end formed to provide for access 'of the fuel in said ivellto the ducts of the inner member.

2. In a carburetor, in combination, a. casing, a fuel pipe therein, and a iuel. nozzle 'therein vcomprisingv an upright cylindrical Well secured to said 'fuel pipe, a cylindrical Iand the bodyy part of the float feed-chamber ish outer fue'l discharge member closely fitting within said well and having a circumscrib ing rib at its upper end which seats upon t-lie upper surface of said well, said member being of less depth than said well and hav ing its outer face provided with ducts which extend vertically from its lower end and ter niinate at the apex of said rib, said member being of cupped form and having its base provided with a central opening and in its upper face with an annular groo veand ducts extending between said opening and groove, and a cylindrical inner fuel discharge meinber which has a close it within the outer member and seats upon the base thereof, said inner member having its outer surface provided with ducts `which extend vertically from its lower end and terminate beyond the upper edge of the outermeniber.

3. In a carburetor, in combination, a cas ing, a fuel pipe therein, and a fuel nozzle therein comprising a cylindrical well se cured to said fuel pipe, a cylindrical outer `fuel discharge member closely vfitting within said well and having a circuinscribing rib at its upper end which seats upon the upper surface of said well, said member beingof less depth than said well and having its upper face inclined and its outer face provided with ducts which extend vertically from its lower end and terminate at the apex of said rib`r said member being of cupped form, and a cylindrical inner fuel discharge member which seats andl has a close lit within the outer iifieniber and has its outer surface provided with ducts which extend vertically from is lower end and terminate beyond the upper face of the outer member, the latter having its lower end formed to provide for access of the fuel in said well to the ducts in the inner member.

il. ln a carburetor, iii combination, a casing and a fuel nozzle therein coml'irising as companion elements an upright cylindrical well, a cylindrical outer fuel discharge inember fitting closely within and supported by said well and a cylindrical inner fuel discharge member fitting closely withiny and supported by said outer iiieniber, certain of said companion elements being formed with vertical grooves extending between their lower and upper ends to provide an outer series of fuel discharge duets between the well and the outer discharge member and an inner series of fuel discharge duets between the outer and inner discharge member, the

i ,tiallv thereof, the casing having an air inlet below the fuel nozzle and an annular valve seat through which air from said inlet may pass in adjacency to said nozzle, a valve spring urged toward said seat and operable by engine suction, a Venturi ring having a close sliding fit within said casing and sur-y rounding said nozzle and rods connecting .i

said ring andsaid valve.

G. In a carbureter, in combination, a casing, an upright fuel nozzle arrangedY centrally thereof, the casing having an air inlet *below the fuel nozzle andan annular valve seat through which air from said inlet may pass iii adjacciicy to said nozzle, a valve having a central axial depending recessed plunger, said valve being operable by engine suction, a head mounted on said 1. lunger, a chamber carried by said casing within which said head operates with dashpot effect, a central stem connecting the parts of the casing and providinga guide for said valve and a spring urging said valve toward said seat, said spring surround- A 

